Composition and Decomposition is a way to create or disassemble a system into being. To formalize this concept, the best bet is to find a concise yet precise language to talk about systems and they compositional possibilities. One such language is called: Category Theory.
For practical use, computer programmers have come up with ways to explain category theory in examples and in source code. One can find references in the following list:
References
- [1] Category: The Essence of Composition